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The stable return profile of catastrophe bonds and their historically low correlation with broader financial markets have traditionally been the main reasons investors considered an allocation of cat bonds into their portfolio, however, more recently, investors have started recognising catastrophe bonds for their social impact, as per a new report from the Man Group.

According to the firm, a “new breed” of cat bonds has now emerged, aimed at preventing disaster and extending coverage for low-income countries unable to mobilise proper financing to fight a looming disaster.

The UN reportedly defines resilience as the “ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner.”

The Man Group continued, “The cover that catastrophe insurance provides sits firmly within this definition.

“Not only does it compensate for losses, but the use of parametric triggers can mean that payments are made more quickly than if actual losses had to be assessed (particularly in emerging markets where the claims process is generally less well developed).”

Continuing, “Now, cat bonds are also emerging as a socially responsible investment. For the insured risk, cat bonds provide an element of risk transfer back to investors.”

Man Group highlighted named storm cover for Jamaica, earthquake cover for the Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool, and the Pacific Alliance cat bonds as examples which illustrate how these insurance-linked securities (ILS) instruments can aid in building risk transfer resources and disaster resilience.

“As a sign of confidence in this asset class, the market capitalisation is growing at an impressive rate.

“New, innovative bonds are emerging as a very effective tool in providing a new kind of social benefit, while helping generate uncorrelated risk-adjusted returns for investors,” the firm’s report concluded.

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing remains a key area of focus for the insurance-linked securities (ILS) market and with the asset class ticking many boxes for a socially responsible mandate, investors are increasingly looking to understand the beneficial features of the cat bond instrument.

Cat bonds have emerged as a socially responsible investment: Man Group was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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COP 29, the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Baku, Azerbaijan, has drawn to a close with agreement on certain areas and progress being made on the much-discussed Loss and Damage, as well as the Global Shield, two programs of some relevance to insurance, reinsurance and insurance-linked securities (ILS) markets.

While the COP29 meetings concluded with an agreement on financing amounting to $300 billion per-year for developing countries, concern has been raised over that figure falling far-short of the amount those nations believe is required to respond to the climate impacts they are already facing, as well as boost their readiness for and resilience to climate related exposures.

The Fund for Loss and Damage has been designed to help the countries that are most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.

At COP29, agreement has been reached on fully operationalising the loss and damage fund, although there is still significant work to do on the finer details of how support and financing will be delivered.

Working with the Board of the loss and damage fund and the World Bank, the COP29 Presidency said it has advanced measure to operationalise the fund, while also appointing former Group Director General of the parametric risk pooling and parametric insurance facility, African Risk Capacity (ARC), Ibrahima Cheikh Diong as the Fund’s Executive Director.

In addition, key documents were signed at COP29, including a “Trustee Agreement” and “Secretariat Hosting Agreement” between the Fund for Loss and Damage’s Board and the World Bank, as well as a “Host Country Agreement” between the Fund’s Board and the host country, which is set to be the Republic of the Philippines.

Financial support and commitments to the loss and damage fund now exceed $730 million, with the largest contributions made during COP29 coming from Australia and Sweden.

As a result, the COP29 Presidency said that the loss and damage fund is now “ready to distribute funds in 2025 by securing contributor agreements and pledges as well as signing the host country agreement with the Philippines and hosting and trustee agreements with the World Bank.”

As well as the commitments made to the Fund, it is still expected that once operationalised there will be work undertaken to identify whether and how private capital financing instruments also have a role, in financing climate related loss and damage for the most vulnerable and developing nations of the world.

As we’ve also explained in the past, the insurance, reinsurance and insurance-linked securities (ILS) markets have a role to play here, albeit further down the line, once agreement has been reached on financing instruments, tools, structures and how to actually disburse loss and damage fund capacity, are made.

We’ve highlighted the potential for there to be an important role for responsive risk transfer, such as risk transfer and insurance delivered through structures that utilise parametric triggers and risk-sharing systems have been a topic of discussion around loss and damage since the start.

With a former ARC executive now leading the Fund, it will be interesting to see how financing structures can be hybridised, to incorporate elements of risk transfer, to finance responses to future climate disasters, as well as the pure financing for mitigation and resilience that is expected to be needed.

Around the set-up and operationalising of the fund for responding to loss and damage, insurance and related risk transfer instruments have been broadly discussed as having a role to play.

The Fund’s Board has explored examples of risk pooling and parametric insurance, while also gaining an understanding of other risk transfer instruments, including catastrophe bonds.

Premium subsidies are seen as one use-case for financing from the loss and damage fund, although there is a lot of work to do around how any instruments that require premiums to be paid to private market actors are integrated within the overall loss and damage financing deployment.

Which leads us onto the second area of progress seen at COP29 that has relevance for the insurance, reinsurance and ILS community, the setting of a strategic direction for the Global Shield against Climate Risks.

The Global Shield against Climate Risks was launched after COP27, alongside the World Bank officially launching its Global Shield Financing Facility.

These two initiatives embed disaster risk financing techniques, in particular responsive risk transfer and anticipatory financing, at the heart of global efforts to build resilience to climate change and climate driven natural disaster events.

In 2023, the Global Shield Solutions Platform (GSSP) was also launched as a multi-donor grant facility and one of the core financing vehicles of the Global Shield, designed to help vulnerable countries effectively address loss and damage exacerbated by climate change.

Now, at COP29, a strategic direction has been set for the Global Shield initiative, with at least 17 countries targeted for its initial implementation and for specific activities to be taken.

Within the scope is parametric insurance and risk transfer, with use of these instruments expected to be scaled up under the Global Shield, while insurance-linked securities (ILS) such as catastrophe bonds still feature in Global Shield related texts.

At COP29, like previous conferences, the insurance and reinsurance industry was well-represented by key players and the efforts to embed insurance at the heart of climate financing discussions continues.

Efficiency, of risk transfer, and its responsiveness, as well as the efficiency of risk capital itself, will be critical for the future of such efforts.

But so too will investment in mitigation and structural innovation, to identify equitable ways to use the funding appropriately and to harness the appetite of private capital in support of climate financing and the broader climate transition.

Also read: Risk-sharing systems must be a pillar of Loss and Damage architecture: Report.

COP29 ends with Loss and Damage fund progress, strategic direction set for Global Shield was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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During the full-year 2023, the catastrophe bond and insurance-linked securities (ILS) team at private markets focused investment manager Schroders Capital allocated over US $817 million to transactions that specifically help in reducing the insurance protection gap.

Schroders Capital has quantified this area of impact that its cat bond and ILS investment management unit has been making for a recent report on the firm’s broader sustainability focus.

While it is clear that catastrophe bonds and insurance-linked securities (ILS), as an alternative mechanism for sourcing reinsurance capital, are inherently providing protection against disaster and enabling the insurance industry to better bear the risks it underwrites, Schroders Capital has categorised transactions it specifically feels are making a difference on helping to cover more uninsured economic losses.

The investment manager sees its capital making a difference, saying that if “managed carefully, can unlock… significant improvement potential for people and planet.”

One area is in driving increased availability of insurance and reinsurance protection, specifically, “through increased climate insurance coverage in emerging markets, private equity or via ILS cat bonds.”

Schroders Capital further explained, “In 2023, only 40% of losses resulting from natural disasters globally were covered by insurance, leaving a value of US$172 billion uninsured.

“Our ILS team works to reduce this protection gap by allocating a percentage of their sustainable investment portfolios to specific transactions designed to increase insurance coverage, providing a sense of security to communities providing rapid relief when a disaster hits, and enhancing overall resilience. Developing and emerging markets are the most vulnerable to the consequences of climate change.”

In addition, Schroders Capital highlighted that between 2014 and 2023, some 85% of economic losses caused by natural disasters in Asia were not covered by insurance.

Highlighting the $125 million Charles River Re Ltd. (Series 2024-1) catastrophe bond, that was sponsored by American European Insurance Company, Schroders Capital explained why this transaction was deemed to contribute to narrowing the insurance protection gap.

“The need for such cover was exemplified with Superstorm Sandy: in such events, risks carriers often face ‘concurrent causation’ and are caught between the homeowners insurance company and the flood insurance company, one arguing that the event was caused by flood, the other one by wind. It is costly and leaves the policyholder uncovered, impacting the reputation of the insurance company and the industry more broadly.

“With this cat bond, the sponsor offered a flood endorsement on each quotation, resulting in a differentiated product with the target being value-oriented mass affluent homeowners,” the asset manager explained.

Despite certain deficiencies when it came to ESG scoring this catastrophe bond, Schroders Capital noted, “The transaction structurally and explicitly addresses the protection gap when it comes to the availability of coastal flood risk which is generally not offered by the insurance market.”

Insurance-linked securities (ILS) is an area that Schroders Capital sees as a focus in its sustainability and impact efforts.

“Our ILS sustainable strategies, including one of the world’s largest cat bond funds, are a good example: they provide a suitable reinsurance alternative for local governments or NGOs against e.g. extreme whether events, reducing insurance protection gap while at the same time delivering competitive financial returns,” the company said.

Schroders Capital has also been one of the ILS managers that have helped to drive greater ESG transparency through the catastrophe bond and broader ILS marketplace.

The investment manager was a founding member of the ILS ESG Transparency Initiative, which was formed as an insurance-linked securities (ILS) industry group focused on enhancing environmental, social and governance (ESG) transparency in the ILS market.

Schroders Capital believes that effort has made a significant contribution so far, highlighting that ESG disclosure has increased in the marketplace.

The company said that its internal data suggests “that 77% of ILS cat bond transactions have made ESG questionnaires available deals in Q4 2023,” which is a significant increase.

Georg Wunderlin, CEO, Schroders Capital, commented, “Sustainability is more critical than ever to deliver long-term competitive returns. It is simply a once in a generation business opportunity.

“Our ambition is to build a new type of private markets firm, one which is anchored in sustainability and delivers the superior performance and real-world difference our clients expect from us.”

ESG investing, sustainability and opportunities they present, remain an area of focus for the insurance-linked securities (ILS) market. Read more of our insights on this topic here.

Schroders Capital invested $817m+ in ILS that help reduce protection gap in 2023 was published by: www.Artemis.bm
Our catastrophe bond deal directory
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This content is copyright to www.artemis.bm and should not appear anywhere else, or an infringement has occurred.

During the full-year 2023, the catastrophe bond and insurance-linked securities (ILS) team at private markets focused investment manager Schroders Capital allocated over US $817 million to transactions that specifically help in reducing the insurance protection gap.

Schroders Capital has quantified this area of impact that its cat bond and ILS investment management unit has been making for a recent report on the firm’s broader sustainability focus.

While it is clear that catastrophe bonds and insurance-linked securities (ILS), as an alternative mechanism for sourcing reinsurance capital, are inherently providing protection against disaster and enabling the insurance industry to better bear the risks it underwrites, Schroders Capital has categorised transactions it specifically feels are making a difference on helping to cover more uninsured economic losses.

The investment manager sees its capital making a difference, saying that if “managed carefully, can unlock… significant improvement potential for people and planet.”

One area is in driving increased availability of insurance and reinsurance protection, specifically, “through increased climate insurance coverage in emerging markets, private equity or via ILS cat bonds.”

Schroders Capital further explained, “In 2023, only 40% of losses resulting from natural disasters globally were covered by insurance, leaving a value of US$172 billion uninsured.

“Our ILS team works to reduce this protection gap by allocating a percentage of their sustainable investment portfolios to specific transactions designed to increase insurance coverage, providing a sense of security to communities providing rapid relief when a disaster hits, and enhancing overall resilience. Developing and emerging markets are the most vulnerable to the consequences of climate change.”

In addition, Schroders Capital highlighted that between 2014 and 2023, some 85% of economic losses caused by natural disasters in Asia were not covered by insurance.

Highlighting the $125 million Charles River Re Ltd. (Series 2024-1) catastrophe bond, that was sponsored by American European Insurance Company, Schroders Capital explained why this transaction was deemed to contribute to narrowing the insurance protection gap.

“The need for such cover was exemplified with Superstorm Sandy: in such events, risks carriers often face ‘concurrent causation’ and are caught between the homeowners insurance company and the flood insurance company, one arguing that the event was caused by flood, the other one by wind. It is costly and leaves the policyholder uncovered, impacting the reputation of the insurance company and the industry more broadly.

“With this cat bond, the sponsor offered a flood endorsement on each quotation, resulting in a differentiated product with the target being value-oriented mass affluent homeowners,” the asset manager explained.

Despite certain deficiencies when it came to ESG scoring this catastrophe bond, Schroders Capital noted, “The transaction structurally and explicitly addresses the protection gap when it comes to the availability of coastal flood risk which is generally not offered by the insurance market.”

Insurance-linked securities (ILS) is an area that Schroders Capital sees as a focus in its sustainability and impact efforts.

“Our ILS sustainable strategies, including one of the world’s largest cat bond funds, are a good example: they provide a suitable reinsurance alternative for local governments or NGOs against e.g. extreme whether events, reducing insurance protection gap while at the same time delivering competitive financial returns,” the company said.

Schroders Capital has also been one of the ILS managers that have helped to drive greater ESG transparency through the catastrophe bond and broader ILS marketplace.

The investment manager was a founding member of the ILS ESG Transparency Initiative, which was formed as an insurance-linked securities (ILS) industry group focused on enhancing environmental, social and governance (ESG) transparency in the ILS market.

Schroders Capital believes that effort has made a significant contribution so far, highlighting that ESG disclosure has increased in the marketplace.

The company said that its internal data suggests “that 77% of ILS cat bond transactions have made ESG questionnaires available deals in Q4 2023,” which is a significant increase.

Georg Wunderlin, CEO, Schroders Capital, commented, “Sustainability is more critical than ever to deliver long-term competitive returns. It is simply a once in a generation business opportunity.

“Our ambition is to build a new type of private markets firm, one which is anchored in sustainability and delivers the superior performance and real-world difference our clients expect from us.”

ESG investing, sustainability and opportunities they present, remain an area of focus for the insurance-linked securities (ILS) market. Read more of our insights on this topic here.

Schroders Capital invested $817m+ in ILS that help reduce protection gap in 2023 was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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Kettle, the reinsurance focused deep-learning and artificial intelligence (AI) MGA, has announced the appointment of Isaac Espinoza as its new CEO.

Kettle launched with a mission to enhance the understanding of catastrophe and climate exposures with its advanced technological approach to modelling risks.

The focus has predominantly been on wildfire risks, although the insurtech has also branched out to write hurricane reinsurance coverage with the assistance of Reask.

Using advanced AI and machine learning, Kettle aims to better-model exposures and then establish mechanisms and structures to transfer risks to both traditional and capital market sources of reinsurance capacity.

Back in 2022, the company launched Kettle Re Ltd., its own collateralized insurer class of company registered in Bermuda, through which its goal was to transfer a portion of the risks it underwrote to capital markets sourced reinsurance capacity.

Now, two of the Kettle co-founders Andrew Engler and Nathaniel Manning are transitioning to advisory positions at the firm, leaving a gap for a new CEO.

Taking on that challenge will be Isaac Espinoza, the former SVP of Reinsurance at insurtech Root.

Co-founder and CTO, Son Le, remains at Kettle as well and will lead the company alongside Espinoza.

Espinoza has almost 20 years of experience working in insurance, reinsurance, and insurtech.

Before joining Root, Espinoza was an investor and operator at Greenlight Re, supporting insurtech startups and working on the actuarial, underwriting and innovation teams. He began his insurance career as an actuary at Fireman’s Fund in California.

Espinoza commented on his appointment, “I’m excited to continue my career as an operator and leader, working on some of the most important existential questions for the insurance industry and for our planet.

“Kettle has a head-start on modeling emerging risks and providing insurance options in a market where protection is harder and harder to come by.”

Son Le added, “We’re at an inflection point where our unique models can offer protection to customers currently underserved by incumbent providers. Isaac’s arrival is exciting for Kettle and our future in the industry.”

Lauren Kolodny, partner at Acrew Capital, which led Kettle’s $25 million Series A round in 2021, commented, “Isaac’s arrival is an exciting evolution for Kettle as it expands into new lines and new states. This year has been an important growth year. We’re thrilled to welcome Isaac’s leadership.”

Kettle appoints former Root SVP of Reinsurance Espinoza as new CEO was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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